Apparatus for casting metal



June 20, 1933. A. KAMPF APPARATUS FOR CASTING METAL Filed Feb. 13, 1931 1&2.

Patented June 20, 1933 AUGUST KAHPF, OF DUISBURG-RUHRORT, GERMANY APPARATUS FOR CASTING METAL Application filed February 13, 1931, Serial No. 515,604, and in Germany February 21, 1930.

This invention relates to improvements in apparatus for casting metal, and more particularly to that type of apparatus wherein the molten metal is poured into a receptacle and conducted to the bottomof a mold or molds through a channel or channels in a block or blocks constructed or a highly refractory material, the object of the present invention being to effect improvements in the construction of the block so that the costof producing the same is reduced and the durability thereof is increased.

Heretofore the position of the outflow opening into the channel did not adapt itself to the pressure conditions which occurred in the channel during the casting operation. It had not been recognized that it was not possible to reach the limit in economy of material or weight unless the position of the outlet section were adapted to the conditions of pressure occurring in the channel during the casting operation.

According to the present invention the opening of the channel is disposed eccentrically towards the base in relation to the median horizontal plane of the recess provided in the base plate or in the pedestal permanently provided for mounting therein to receive the channel, and thereby the thickness of the vertical material between the pedestal, which is permanent, and the outlet opening of the channel may be made as slight as possible and without regard to the pressure of the metal.

By such construction there. is obtained,

when the recess of the pedestal iscomplete- 1y filled with the corresponding casting block, a reduction of weight, which is considerable, and consequently a diminution in the cost of the production of the blocks is effected because the material of the blocks need only resist internally the attack by heat of the material which passes into the channel and the pressure is readily sustained by the wall of the base plate. The greater the pressure towards the upper part of the block the less will be the pressure on the base plate and perpendicularly above the outlet opening the whole of the pressure is imposed upon the block. Hence much more block material is required above the outlet opening than below and it is advantageous that the thickness should increase progressively towards the sides. By giving a corresponding position to the opening of the passage, the advantage is obtained that there is required but little material below the outlet opening and above the same the normal thickness of block is sufficient.

Other advantages of the construction of the blocks. according to this invention will be given in the examples herein.

If for the new installation of channel there are used known tubes with thin walls of highly refractory material, for the transport of liquid metal, there is only required, by the use of this'invention, a minimum amount of material and expenditure of labor to produce the channel, as hereinafter described.

The drawing shows in cross section, by Way of example, two forms of construction of the invention:

Fig. 1 shows a profiled block which is inserted in a suitably recessed base or pedestal preferably made of hematite iron.

Fig. 2 shows another form of construction. In Figure 1, 1 designates a profiled body of refractory material the upper part of which is massive and is of rectangular section while the lower part is tubular in form. The lower portion of the wall 3 surrounding the opening 2 of such part is only sufliciently thick to resist the attack of molten metal. It sufiicesgenerally to have a thickness of wall of about 10 mm. The profile body is inserted in a suitably recessed pedestal 4 preferably of hematite iron and is secured-by a layer of mortar 5. The dotted lines 6 indicate the upwardly extending opening above which is disposed the ingot mould. It will be understood that such an opening must only be provided in the block where the connection with the ingot mould takes place. The recess intended for the reception of the block can also be provided directly in the base plate.

g The economy of material thus efi'ected results chiefly from the fact that the whole upper massive part of the block remains free of metal and slag and can, after grinding, be directly re-employed. In case of the use of a material of less quality for the upper part, the arrangement is simpler than for the known cast blocks in several layers.

Fig. 2 shows a profiled block 10 of slightly different shape which is inserted in the pedestal 4 or directly .in the base plate provided with corresponding recesses. In this form of the invention also the lower portion of the wall 11 surrounding the opening has only the thickness necessary to resist the attack of molten metal. The pro filed block is likewise keyed by a layer of mortar 5.

This form of construction secures the same advantages as are secured by the form shown in Figure 1, and the additional advantage of simplicity both as to the form of the block and as to the form of the recess in which it is fitted in the pedestal 4.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for use in casting metal, comprising a block of refractory material diminishing in breadth downwardly and having a channel for molten metal in the lower narrower portion thereof, and a bed having a recess open at the upper side corresponding in size and shape with said block and in which said block is fitted, the major portion of the refractory material of the block being above the channel and the lower portion of the wall of said channel being relatively thin, of less thickness than the said major portion so that economy of material in the block is effected and the lower portion of the wall of the channel is protected by the mass of the bed.

2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, in which the downwardly diminishing portion of the said block in which the channel is located is substantially semicylindrical in form and is spaced from opposite sides of the said block.

3. Apparatus as claimed-in claim 1, in which the sides of the block are inclined and converge downwardly toward the portion of the block in which the channel is located.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 24th day of January A. D.

AUGUST KAMPF. 

